Arc Processes
Here are a variety of safety hazards presented by arc welding and cutting processes. How severe the hazard is depends on the process, the welding or cutting parameters, and the materials, consumables, fluxes and gases being worked with. All arc processes present an electrical hazard, and hazards associated with handling hot metal. All but submerged arc welding also present an IR and UV radiation hazard too. Arc welding and cutting processes generate fume, the type and amount depending largely upon the process but also on the materials and consumables. MMA, cored wire, and MIG welding, and air-arc gouging and plasma cutting give most, TIG and submerged arc welding tend to give least. Gas shielded processes (MIG, TIG, cored wires, plasma) use compressed gases and gas mixtures that give potential physical hazards and risks of asphyxiation. These gases may also be supplied as cryogenic liquids which themselves have added hazards. Some processes are noisy, most notably air-arc gouging and plasma cutting. These can be well in excess of the recommended exposure levels. For some applications thoriated electrodes are used for TIG welding and these give a small radioactive radiation risk. All the above hazards may be exacerbated when working in confined spaces, in hot, wet, cramped areas, or if working at height. Workers should be aware of the hazards of each process and the means to avoid or control the risks. Safety training and the adoption of safe working practices will help to minimise risk.
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